新高一英语初升高英语衔第2讲——定语从句通用版用语法穿针引线——定语从句
一、学习目标：
掌握定语从句的基本知识和引导定语从句的关系词的不同用法，理解定语从句所表达的意义和语法特征。
二、学习要点： 1.什么是定语从句 2.定语从句中关系词的用法
3.性定语从句和非性定语从句 三、课程精讲： （一）重点知识讲解 1.什么是定语从句？ 定语 定语从句 先行词
Eg: The lovely girl is Mary.
The lovely girl who is standing by the window is Mary. 句型转换：
That is his father, and he works in Shanghai.（改为定语从句） = That is his father ____________ works in Shanghai. 2.性定语从句和非性定语从句
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性定语从句 非性定语从句
I want this man, who can speak German. He gave up the project, which was not practical. 3.关系词的用法： 关系代词 关系副词 作用：连接替代
（1）关系代词（主语、宾语、表语、定语） 主格 宾格 属格who whom
whose/ of whomwhose/ of which 指人
which/ that指物
1）关系代词that和which的用法 ①必须用关系代词that的情况：
a.当先行词是不定代词all, much, little, something, everything, anything, nothing, none, theone时。You should hand in all that you have.
b.当先行词前被the only, the very, any, few, little, no, all等词修饰时。
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This is the very person that I’m looking for.
c.当先行词是形容词最高级或先行词前面有形容词最高级修饰时。 This is the most interesting movie that I’ve ever seen. d.当先行词既有人又有物时。
I don’t know the things and persons that they are talking about. e.当主句的主语是疑问词who或which时。 Who is the girl that won first? 练习：
The train is the last one _______________________ will go to Suzhou. This is the bus _________________________ I’m waiting for.
Do you have anything ______________________ you want to say in the meeting?②必须用which的情况：
在非性定语从句中，只用which.
Helen passed the final exam, which was within my expectation. 当动词短语中的介词提前时，只用which。 This is the village in which he was born.
2）whose在定语从句中作定语，既可指代人也可以指代物。 This is the house whose window broke last night. = This is the house, the window of which broke last night. = This is the house of which the window broke last night. 3）关系代词as的用法
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当先行词前有such, the same修饰时，用关系代词as引导定语从句。 He is not the same person as he was.
as引导非性定语从句时，可以代指主句的整句话的含义。 As is known to us, he is not fit for the job. ⑵关系副词（状语）
当先行词在定语从句中作状语时，要用关系副词。关系副词=介词+关系代词练习：
I still remember the day when I first came to Beijing.
Can you tell me the office _______________________he works? This is the reason ___________________ I will leave school. （二）解题方法总结 1.做题方法：先行词关系词
Do you still remember the days _____________________ we spent in Qingdao? Do you still remember the days ______________________ we spent the holidays together?
2.定语从句的谓语动词的人称和数与先行词保持一致。the only one of修饰先行词，谓语动词用单数形式。
Titanicisoneofthemostwonderfulmovies___________________________producedinHollywood.
The Great Wall is the only one of the buildings on the earth ______________________seenfrom the moon.
3. as与which的比较 相同点：
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不同点： 练习：
①Betty always tells a lie, ___________________ makes his parents angry. ②David is tall, _____________________ are my brothers. 4.特殊词way的用法 练习：
①The way______________________ he explained to us was simple. (that/ which/不填)②The way _____________________ he explained the sentence was simple.(that/in which/不填）
5.定语从句考查要点
关系词的使用，特别是which, that, when, where等 介词和关系代词连用时，介词的选用 以as引导的定语从句 只用that/ which的情况 关系代词和关系副词的选用 （三）即学即练
1. Do you know the reason ______________________________ he is absent? 2. All the presents _________________ your friends gave you should be put away.
3. He was late for the class, __________________ was very surprising to me. 4. The man ________________________ you met just now is my old friend. 5. The child ____________________________ parents are dead is homeless.
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6. He is such a lovely student _________________________ everyone likes. 7. We are living in an age __________________________many things are done on computer.
8. I don’t like the way _________________________ you laugh at her. 9. I __________ am busy, can’t help them at the moment.
10. I still remember the teachers and the school ______________ are talked of yesterday.（四）高考链接
1. (全国I) She brought with her three friends, none of __________ I had ever met before.A. themB. whoC. whomD. these
2. (全国II) My friend showed me round the town, _________ was very kind of him.A. whichB. thatC. whetherD. it
3. (重庆) Life is like a long race __________ we compete with others to go beyond ourselves.A. whyB. whatC. thatD. where
4. (陕西) Gun control is a subject __________ Americans have argued for a long time.A. of whichB. with whichC. about whichD. into which
5. (安徽) Many children, ________ parents are away working in big cities, are taken good careof in the village.
A. theirB. whoseC. of themD. with whom 6.(江
苏)TheScienceMuseum,______wevisitedduringarecenttriptoBritain,isoneofLondon’s tourist attractions.
A. whichB. whatC. thatD. where 四、下讲预告
在下一讲里，我们将会介绍名词性从句的一些理论知识，及定语从句与名词性从句的区别。
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【同步练习】（答题时间：25分钟）
1. Was it in the shop_____ soldchildren’sclothing that you lost your wallet? A. /B. whereC. thatD. when
2. Thank you for the difficulty_____ you have had painting the house. A. whenB. /C. whyD. where
3. Is there anyone around the factory_____knows how to operate the computer?
A. whoB. whichC. whereD. in which
4. Is this the farm _____you visited last week? A. whereB. the oneC. on whichD. /
5. She was much disappointed to see the beautiful cloth_____ she had made_____with lots ofspots.
A. which; coverB. that; covered C. /; coveringD. where; covering
6. Lincoln,_____ life was once hard, were elected President of American. A. for whomB. whoC. to whomD. /
7.—Do you know the man ______is talking with your father？ —Yes,he’sour headmaster. A. heB. whoC. whichD. whom 8. Is this the river _____I can swim？ A. whichB. in whichC. thatD. the one
9. This is the best hotel in the city _____I know.
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A. whereB. whichC. thatD. it
10. Can you lend me the dictionary ______the other day？ A. that you bought
C. that you bought itB. you bought it D. which you bought it
11. Anyone ______with what I said may put up your hands. A. which agreesB. who agree C. who agreesD. which agree
12. My watch is not the only thing ______ is missing. A. thatB. itC. whichD.who
13. The man ______coat is black is waiting at the gate A.who’sB whoseC. thatD. of which.
14. The girl ______ is reading under the tree _____my sister. A. which；isB. whom；wasC. who；isD. who；was 15. I love places ______the people are really friendly. A. thatB. whichC. whereD. who
16. The world ______ is made up of matter. A. in that we liveB. on which we live C. where we live inD. we live in
17. Do you know which hotel __________? A. she is stayingB. she is staying in
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C. is she stayingD. is she staying in
18. There is only one thing __________ I can do. A. whatB. thatC . allD. which
19. Who can think of a situation _________ this idiom can be used? A. whichB. thatC. where D. in that
20. I have many books, some of __________ are on chemistry. A. themB. thatC. whichD. those
21. They were interested __________ you told them. A. in whichB. in thatC. all thatD. in everything
22. The great day we looked forward to _________ at last. A. comeB. cameC. comingD. comes
23. I like the second football match _________ was held last week. A. whichB. whoC. thatD. /
24. Idon’tlike __________ you speak to her. A. the wayB. the way in that C. the way whichD. the way of which 25. He is not __________ a fool __________. A. such, as he is lookedB. such, as he looks C. as, as he is lookedD. so, as he looks
【试题答案】
1. C2. B3. A4. D5. B6. A7. B8. B9. C10. A
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11. C12. A13. B14. C15. C16. D17. B18. B19. C20.C 21. D22. B23. C24. A25.B
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