5种基本句型

1. S十V “主语＋谓语”结构 4. S十V十O1十O2 “主语＋谓语＋双宾语”结构 2. S十V十P “主语＋系动词＋表语”结构 3. S十V十O “主语＋谓语＋宾语”结构 5. S十V十O十C “主语＋谓语＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构

句型1. S十V “主语＋谓语”结构

┏━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━┯━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━┓ ┃ Ｓ │ Ｖ （不及物动词） ┃ ┠───────────────┼───────────────┨ ┃1. The sun │was shining. ┃ ┃2. The moon │rose. ┃

He was breathing heavily. He went away. We stood still in a line. We went running to meet

the guests. We walked (for) five miles. We waited (for) half an hour. We live in Nanjing. We are going to meet at the school gate. There comes the bus. The students work very hard. She apologized to me again. The accident happened yesterday evening. My head aches. The children are playing happily.

句型2. S十V十P “主语＋系动词＋表语”结构

┏━━━━━━━┯━━━━━━━┯━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━┓ ┃ Ｓ │Ｖ（是系动词）│ Ｐ ┃ ┠───────┼───────┼───────────────┨ ┃1. This │is │an English-Chinese dictionary.┃ ┃2. The dinner │smells │good. ┃ 联系动词（V），除BE动词外，以下几类动词均可作为联系动词使用： 1．seem, appear 等表示“似乎”、“好象”等意思的动词； 2．look, taste, smell, sound, feel等表示五官感觉的动词；

3．remain, keep等表示“维持，保持”等意思的动词；

4．become, grow, turn, get, go, come, run, fall等表示“变化、发展”等意思的动词；

The lecture was over. The boys were about the same age. It is time to go to the park with my classmates. It is very nice(for me) to sit/sitting here with you. It seemed (to me) that everyone was really interested in the trip. The baby seemed to be asleep. You sound surprised. How did they become friends? He kept/remained silent. The river has run dry.

The meat has gone bad. The leaves are turning brown. One of the tigers broke loose.

She married old. Several players lay flat on the playground. We should remain modest and prudent any time. This kind of food tastes terrible. The picture looks more beautiful at a certain distance. Spring comes. It is getting warmer and warmer. Don't have the food. It has gone bad. The facts prove true. I finished reading the book. The Greens enjoy living in China. 句型3. S十V十O “主语＋谓语＋宾语”结构

┏━━━━━━━┯━━━━━━━┯━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━┓ ┃ Ｓ │Ｖ（及物动词）│ Ｏ ┃ ┠───────┼───────┼───────────────┨

┃1. Who │knows │the answer? ┃ ┃2. She │smiled │her thanks. ┃ 1．谓语后面直接用名词或代词作宾语。如：

We answered the foreign guests’ many questions in English. Our class visited a factory last Sunday. The American guests have blue eyes. 2. 谓语动词要求动词不定式作宾语。我们学过的这些动词有：continue, dare, decide, hope, learn, plan, want, agree, promise, trouble, start, begin, would like, pretend, wish等等。如： He wanted to have a rest. We agreed to have a talk about it. Would you like to have a look around our city? 3．谓语动词后面既可以用不定式，也可以用动名词。如：like, begin, start, love, hate等。如： She likes swimming. He began talking about his country. I love walking to schools. 但是，如果begin, start 后面的是正在进行的动作，一般用动词不定式作宾语。如：

It began to rain.

有些动词后面可以跟动名词，也可以跟不定式，但是意思不同，如：remember, forget, stop等。Please remember to wake me up at six in the morning. I remembered meeting him before. He forgot to bring an umbrella with him. He forgot returning the book to the library. We were tired so we stopped to have a rest at the foot of the hill. I stopped to have a look at the beautiful garden.

4.谓语动词 “疑问代词＋不定式”或从句作宾语：ask, know, see, tell, decide, think, learn等。 I don’t know who to go to for advice (who I should go…). The apple pie tastes really delicious. You must learn when to give advice and when to be silent (when you should … ) . I will ask / find out when the train leaves. I think that he is our new teacher.

You can put the books in your bag. Farmers in our area grow lots of vegetables. She lost the chance to make her appearance on the stage. I prefer to make web pages. My books are on the desk. The food seems to be nice. He became a famous doctor. 句型4. S十V十O1十O2 “主语＋谓语＋双宾语”结构

┏━━━━┯━━━━━┯━━━━━━━┯━━━━━━━━━━━━┓ ┃ Ｓ │Ｖ（及物）│ ｏ（多指人） │ Ｏ（多指物） ┃ ┠────┼─────┼───────┼────────────┨ ┃1. She │ordered │herself │a new dress. ┃ ┃2. She │cooked │her husband │a delicious meal. ┃

跟双宾语的动词有：give, show, send, bring, read, pass, leave, hand, tell, return, write, pay, throw, allow, wish, teach以及make,buy, do, fetch, get, play, save, sing, find等两大类。

He told us that the road was wet. Have they paid you the money? I will read you the letter. Could you lend me your computer? We give the classroom a good cleaning very weekend. Will you do me a favor? He passed the dictionary to me. My mother bought a present for me. Yesterday her father bought her a bicycle as a birthday present. The old man is telling the children stories in the Long March.

Please show me your picture. －Please show your picture to me. I'll offer you a good chance as long as you dont lose heart. —I'll offer a good chance for you as long as you don't lose heart.

Could you pass me the salt? (= Could you pass the salt to me?)

Uncle Wang made the farmers many machines.(=Uncle Wang made many machines for the farmers. ) My aunt bought me a computer. = My aunt bought a computer for me. I passed him the salt. = I passed the salt to him.

句型5. S十V十O十C “主语＋谓语＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构

宾补的作用是说明宾语的动作或状态。它可以由名词、形容词、副词、动词不定式和介词短语等充当。

┏━━━━┯━━━━━┯━━━━━━━┯━━━━━━━━━━━━┓ ┃ Ｓ │Ｖ（及物）│ Ｏ（宾语） │ Ｃ（宾补） ┃ ┠────┼─────┼───────┼────────────┨ ┃1. They │appointed │him │manager. ┃ ┃2. They │painted │the door │green. ┃ ┃3. This │set │them │thinking. ┃ ┃4. They │found │the house │deserted. ┃

⑴名词（代词）＋不定式； ⑵名词（代词）＋分词；

⑶名词（代词）＋名词(仅限于find, make, call, consider 等动词)；

⑷名词（代词）＋形容词(仅限于find, keep, make, leave, like, regard, see等动词)。例如： I will let you know as soon as I hear from her。 Keep the children quiet, please. The teacher asked us to work hard at our lessons after class. The news made us very angry. The foreigner said that he found us speaking very good English.

When we got there, we found the park crowded with people. We found him an honest person. He kept it a secret until he had succeeded. We made him our monitor.

What do we call this plant in English? We must keep the room clean. He painted the wall white. Let’s get everything ready in time. His mother told him not to play on the street.

We found the hall full.

We found the great hall full of students and teachers.

We found the great hall full of students and teachers listening to an important report.

We found the great hall full of students and teachers listening to an important report made by a comrade from the People's Daily on current affairs in East Europe. get 在5种基本句型中的应用

He's getting angry. (S V C) He got through the window. (S V M) You'll get a surprise. (S V O) He got his shoes and socks wet. (S V O C) He got himself into trouble. (S V O M) He got her a splendid present. (S V 0 O) 在句子中词类和词的位置也影响句子的句型和意思:

I found the book easily.我很容易地找到了这本书。（S V O M） I found the book easy. 我觉得这本书很容易。 （S V O C） I have to do something. 我得做点事。 I have something to do. 我有点事做。