高一英语备课组
B4 U2 Words
1. compose v.
(1)创作（音乐），作曲；撰写
Mozart composed his last opera shortly before his death.
She spent her spare time composing poems.她利用空闲时间写诗。 (2)组成,构成(一个整体) 不用于进行时。
常见搭配: be composed of =be made up of=consist of (整体)由...组成/构成 Water is composed of/is made up of/ consists of hydrogen and oxygen. 水由氢和氧组成。
composer n. [C]作曲家，创作者
composition n. [U]成分,构成;作曲,创作; [C](音乐、艺术、诗歌的)作品 2. deserve v.值得，应得，应受 不用于进行时。 deserve doing/ to be done 值得....(主语通常为sth. ) deserve +n. /pron. 值得....，应得.....
deserve to do sth. 应该做某事(主语通常为sb. )
His children’s books are classics that deserve knowing much better/to be much better known. 他的童书都是经典作品，值得为更多人所知晓。 注：deserve有时可用作反语，表示“罪有应得，活该”，常用于get what sb. deserves People who are sent to prison for drinking-driving get what they deserve. 3. whisper
(1) vt. & vi.小声说，低语
whisper sth. to sb.对某人低声说某事
whisper (sth.) in sb.’s ear在某人耳边低声说(某事)
He whispered the message to David in order to avoid being overheard by others. 他悄声把消息告诉了戴维，以免被别人听见。 (2) n. [C] 低语,耳语
in a whisper/in whispers低声地
They talked with each other in a whisper /in whispers in the comer. 4. overcome v. (overcame-overcome) (1) vt. 受到...的极大影响
be overcome by/with... 被...(某种情绪)控制；受到极大影响 Her parents were overcome with great sadness at the funeral. 在葬礼上她的父母悲痛欲绝. (2) 克服困难，解决；战胜
overcome problems/difficulties/fear(s)/shyness/the enemy 解决问题/克服困难/克服恐惧/克服羞怯/战胜敌人 5. rely on =rely upon 依赖，依靠；信任；信赖 rely on/upon sb. to do sth.指望/依靠某人做某事 rely on/upon it that... 相信/指望.....(it为形式主语)
The success of this project relies on each of us to spare no effort.
You may rely on it that he will come to see you.你放心好了，他会来看你的。 reliable a. 可靠的，可信赖的
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高一英语备课组
6. guarantee (1) vt.保证，担保
guarantee sb. sth. 向某人保证某事 guarantee to do sth.保证做某事 guarantee that... 保证.... (2) n.保证，担保；保修单 under guarantee 在保修期内
a guarantee of... ...的保障/保证
He gave me a guarantee that it would never happen again. Wealth is not always a guarantee of happiness. 7. adaptation
(1) n.[c]改编本，改写本
He is working on a screen adaptation of the best-selling book. (2) n.[u]适应 adaptation to... 对......的适应
She made good adaptation to the new surroundings here, which made her parents delighted.
adapt v.改编，改写；(使)适应 be adapted from 由......改编而来
adapt (oneself) to... (使自己)适应.......
8. consist of (整体)由...组成/构成=be made up of=be composed of 不能用于被动语态和进行时态,但可以用consisting of 作后置定语。 Rock music consists of many different styles.
It’s a simple dish to prepare, consisting of rice and vegetables. 9. defend
(1) v. 保卫，防御
defend...against/from... 保护/保卫......免受......之害（=protect...against/from） defend against/from... 抵御......
A good diet, plenty of sleep and regular exercise can improve our ability to defend against any disease.
(2) v.辩解，辩白；为...辩护 defend oneself 自我辩护
He had to defend himself against their charges.他必须为自己辩解,反驳他们的指控. n. defence in defence of...为了保卫......
10. get down to (doing) sth.开始做某事，开始认真注意（对待）某事 I have got a lot of work to do, but I can’t seem to get down to it. It’s high time that we got down to thinking about our future careers. get through 接通/打通(电话);设法处理，完成 get (sth.) across (to sb.) 把...讲清楚；被理解 11. suitable合适的，适宜的，适当的
be suitable for sb./sth.适合某人/某物 I don’t think he is suitable for the position. be suitable to do sth.适合做某事
I don’t have anything suitable to wear for the party.
suit v. 适合，合心意 [c]套装 No dish suits all tastes.众口难调.
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高一英语备课组
12. distant
(1) adj.遥远的，久远的,远处的 be distant from sth. 离某物远
A short-sighted person cannot focus on distant objects. My hometown is small and distant from the cities. (2) 冷淡的，疏远的，不友好的
With time going by, she became more and more distant to us. (3) 远亲的，远房的
It was after a family conversation that I found out she was actually my distant cousin. distantly adv. distance n.距离；遥远；疏远
in the distance在远处 from a distance从远处
at a distance of... 在......远的地方(of后跟具体的距离)
We can see the waterfall in the distance, whose sound can be heard at a distance of two miles. It looks quite beautiful from a distance. 13. stare vi.凝视，盯着看 n.[c]凝视，注视 stare at sb.盯着某人看
She stared at the painting, wondering where she had seen it.
stare at指长时间盯着某个目标看，且带有粗鲁、茫然或不礼貌的意味。 glare at指怒视，强调敌对或威胁态度。
glance at 指匆匆一看或瞥一眼，强调看的时间短暂。 It’s impolite to stare at foreign visitors in the street.
She glanced at the envelope and recognized her uncle’s handwriting. He didn’t shout but glared at me silently
14. breath n.呼吸 breathe v.呼吸
hold one’s breath 屏息以待，焦虑地等待；屏住呼吸 They held their breath to see who would win the election. take a deep breath深吸一口气
out of breath 喘不过气，上气不接下气 15. accompany (1) v.陪同，陪伴
be accompanied by... 在......的陪同下
Children under 14 must be accompanied by an adult when playing this game. (2) 伴随，与...同时发生 be accompanied by
A cold is usually accompanied by sneering and fever. (3) 为...伴奏
accompany sb. at/on sth.用某物为某人伴奏
16. expectation n.希望，盼望；预料，预期；期待 live up to one’s expectations 达到某人的期望
expect v.期待；预料 expected a.预料的，预期的 unexpected a.出乎意料的，始料未及的 unexpectedly adv.
17. enthusiastic a.热情的,热心的 be enthusiastic about (doing) sth.
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高一英语备课组
enthusiasm n.热情，热心 with enthusiasm怀着热情 enthusiastically adv.热情地 18. reputation n.名誉，名声
have a good/bad reputation有好/坏名声
earn/build/enjoy a reputation 赢得/树立/享有声誉 ruin one’s reputation 毁坏某人的名声 live up to one’s reputation名副其实 19. prediction n.预言，预测 make a prediction/predictions predict v.预言，预告，预报 It is predicted that... 据预测/据预报
It is predicted that the weather will get better tomorrow. predictable a.可预见的，可预测的
20. possess vt.有，拥有；具有(特质). 不用于进行时。
possession n.[u]拥有，具有 n.[c,usually pl.]私人物品，个人财产 take possession of... 拥有...
in possession of...拥有...（主语通常是人） in the possession of... 为...所有(主语通常是物)
The girl is in possession of the car. = The car is in the possession of the girl. 21. abandon
(1)v.放弃，中止；抛弃；舍弃 abandon one’s hope/plan/idea (2)v. 陷入，沉湎于(某种情感)
abandon oneself to 沉湎于，陷入（to 为介词）
Abandoning himself to the sorrow of losing his cat, Steven just couldn’t help crying. abandoned a.被遗弃的；废弃的；放纵的 22. desperate a.
(1) a.绝望的，孤注一掷的；拼命的，不惜冒险的 He was desperate when he lost all his life-saving money. (2) a.极其需要的，渴望，极想
be desperate for sth.极想要某物 The man lost in the desert was desperate for water. be desperate to do sth.极想做某事He was desperate to get a job to support his family. desperation n.[u]绝望，拼命 in desperation 在绝望中
desperately adv.极度地；拼命地；绝望地 23. ease n.&v
(1) n.[u]容易，舒适，自在 with ease轻易，毫不费劲 at ease 放松
He was intelligent and capable of passing his exams with ease Knowing that the children were safe, his mind was at ease. (2) v.减轻，缓解
ease the pain/stress/tension/burden减轻疼痛/压力/紧张/负担
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